Profile of Buldhana District

Location

Buldhana district is located in the central portion of the state of Maharashtra. Akola, Jalgaon, Jalna, Parbhani districts are the adjoining districts to the East, West & South  respectively. Nemad district of the Madhya Pradesh is to the North.

The district is mainly covered in Survey of India topographic Sheet No. 55D/8 & partly in 46P and 56 A & lies between 19°51’ to 21°17’ North latitude and 75°57’ to 76°49’ East  Longitude.

 The district Head Quarters is at Buldhana which is connected to all thirteen talukas by state highway. The state capital of Mumbai is 450 km to the west and is connected to  Buldhana by road.

 The distances of the other major towns from Buldhana is Aurangabad ( 180 KM ), Pune ( 425 KM ), Amravati ( 200 KM ), Nagpur ( 350 KM ).

Geology & Geomorphology

From geological point of view there are no major mineral ores, Some kinds of salts and lead are observed in Lonar Crater but not commercially exploited. The major rock is Basalt hence the major soil type is Regur or Black cotton soil predominantly in Jalgaon Jamod, Sangrampur, Nandura, Shegaon, Malkapur, Khamgaon areas. 

Deccan trap covered  80% of the total area of the district and 20% area is covered by alluvium.  All the talukas except Jalgaon Jamod, Sangrampur & part of Shegaon talukas are covered by Deccan trap. The trap is classified in, the following categories.1)Weathered basalt of all types 2)Fractured & Jointed basalt.3)Vesicular geologic basalt.4)Compact massive basalt. 

In basalt ground water occurs in joints, fractured & other zone of weakens, which serve as loci for the accumulation of groundwater.  Percolation of ground water is controlled by the density of joint, fractured, vascular in the Deccan trap. 

The flow are separated by a tine gap deposition which is known an intertrappens.  In the district redboles occur as a major intertrapean which play very distinct role in the local behavior of groundwater.

Climate & Rainfall

The district gets rain from south west Monsoons.  The rainfall period is from June to September. However rain generally falls in the months of  June and July upto the end of October.The district falls under the assured  rainfall zone and average rainfall ranging from 500 to 900 mm. 

The climate of the Buldhana district is  generally dry and hot , Buldhana town itself i.e. district headquarters has a comparatively cool  weather and is considered  to be the most pleasant place in district . 

The general  climate of the district is characterised by Hot and Dry summers and cold winters with the seasonal variation in the temperature being pretty large. 

Hailstorms are common  during February to April and also during the post monsoon period from November to January.

Highlights of Census 2001

Population :As per 2001 Census the Total population is 22,32,480 Male population :11,47,403 Female population :10,85,077, Near about 78.8% peoples are living in rural area & 21.2% are in town and urban areas The number of Females per One Thousand Males population is 946.

SC/ST Population :As per 2001 Census The percentage of SC population is 10.8% (Total :241,623 Male:123,418 Female:118,205)of total district population.The percentage of ST population is 5.2% (Total:115,156 Male:59,168 Female:55,988)

Literacy :As per 2001 Census Literacy percentage of Buldhana is 75.8 % the total Male literates are 86.9% whereas Female literate are 64.1%

Households&Villages:As per the 2001 Census report the total number of Households are 445,634 and Household size is 5.0. The total number of villages are 1433 & Total Municipal corporations and Municipal Councils are 11.